What disease conditions are primarily caused by mycoplasmas?

Mycoplasmas are a group of bacteria that lack a cell wall and are known to cause various plant diseases, primarily affecting the vascular system of plants. The disease conditions primarily linked to mycoplasmas include yellows and stunting diseases, which are characterized by symptoms such as yellowing of the leaves, stunted growth, and overall decline in plant vigor. These diseases can lead to significant yield loss and are often transmitted by insect vectors, such as leafhoppers, making them a critical concern in integrated pest management practices.

The other choices, such as root rot and damping off, leaf spot and wilt diseases, as well as blights and molds, are primarily caused by fungi or other pathogens rather than mycoplasmas. Understanding the specific conditions associated with mycoplasma infections is essential for developing effective management strategies in IPM, as well as for accurately diagnosing plant health issues.