Which insect order includes Grasshoppers and Crickets?

The correct choice is the order Orthoptera, which encompasses both grasshoppers and crickets. This order is characterized by insects that typically have long hind legs adapted for jumping, a distinctive body shape, and often produce sounds by stridulation—a process where they rub their wings or body parts together.

Grasshoppers are well-known for their powerful jumping ability and are phytophagous, primarily feeding on grasses and crops. Crickets are recognized for their chirping songs, which are created by males to attract females. Both grasshoppers and crickets possess a similar body plan, featuring a large thorax and elongated bodies, which distinguishes them from insects in other orders.

In contrast, the other options include entirely different groups of insects. Hemiptera is known for species like aphids and cicadas, Lepidoptera includes butterflies and moths, and Diptera consists of flies and mosquitoes. Each of these orders has unique characteristics and life cycles that do not overlap with the features that define Orthoptera.